The purpose of the water supply reconstruction project in the village of Rzhavchyk is to: 1.1. Ensure reliable, uninterrupted and high-quality water supply to the population The project is positioned as socio-ecological and aimed at improving the quality of water supply services through the modernization of worn-out infrastructure 1.2. Increase the energy efficiency of the water supply system Existing networks are characterized by high energy consumption, so the reconstruction involves replacing them with modern PE100 polyethylene pipes, which significantly reduces resistance and energy consumption for water transportation 1.3. Reduce the accident rate and water losses The reconstruction is aimed at minimizing the frequency of damage, eliminating losses and increasing the reliability of the network 1.4. Implementation of modern and energy-saving technologies The project involves the use of the horizontal directional drilling (HDD) method, new polyethylene pipes and energy-saving equipment WAYS TO ACHIEVE THE GOAL DURING THE PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION Based on the project documentation: 2.1. Complete replacement of worn-out pipelines • new PE100 SDR17 Ø110 mm pipes with a total length of over 12 km (12122.3 m) 2.2. Arrangement of crossings using modern trenchless technologies • HDD drilling under swampy areas (3×2 strings, 891.4 m) • punctures under highways (8 pcs., 86 m) 2.3. Construction of new wells and shut-off valves • wells with a diameter of 1500 mm — 20 pcs. • 1000 mm wells — 5 pcs. • installation of valves, hydrants, ventilation elements 2.4. Network protection at intersections with other communications Installation of PE100 protective casings Ø280 mm in the most critical areas (517 m) 2.5. Use of energy-saving solutions The project emphasizes reducing specific electricity consumption due to new pipes and equipment, reducing hydraulic losses 2.6. Ensuring environmental safety • preservation of the microrelief of the territory • absence of negative impact on the environment 3. JUSTIFICATION OF THE GAP BETWEEN THE CURRENT STATE AND THE TARGET LEVEL Based on the analysis of the project documentation, the gap is significant and includes the following components: 3.1. Technical gap Current state: • the network is in unsatisfactory technical condition (wear, defects, damage) • high accident rates • existing areas in marshy areas with accident risks • the network does not meet modern standards for tightness, strength and operational safety Target state: • new pipeline made of PE100 polyethylene pipes • increased service life (>50 years) • minimization of accidents and damage • standardized fittings and new wells 3.2. Operational and energy gap Current state: • high energy costs for transporting water through outdated pipes and uneven hydraulic loads • water losses due to leaks in pipes and connections Target state: • reduction of specific electricity consumption • improvement of the hydraulic regime • reduction of water losses to the regulatory level • energy-efficient system with modern materials 3.3. Infrastructure and safety gap Current state: • lack of a sufficient number of working wells • systems do not provide full capabilities for operational regulation, shutdown, fire extinguishing • intersections with roads and gas pipelines are not properly protected Target level: • availability of new wells with fittings • installation of fire hydrants • protective cases at intersections with other networks 3.4. Socio-ecological gap Current status: • instability of water supply • possibility of water pollution due to accidents • periodic interruptions and complaints from the population Target level: • stable, uninterrupted and high-quality water supply • ecological safety of the system • reduction of the risk of accidents and flooding

KEY PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED BY THE PROJECT 1. High degree of wear and tear and failure rate of the water supply network The essence of the problem The existing network is in unsatisfactory technical condition, which is manifested in: • frequent damage to pipes; • destruction of wells; • subsidence of soil; • pressure drop and interruptions in water supply. The documentation directly states: The water supply networks in the village of Rzhavchyk are characterized by unsatisfactory technical condition and require reconstruction There may be pipeline breaks, destroyed wells, subsidence of soil, etc. The relevance of the problem now • physical wear exceeds permissible norms; • the failure rate only increases every year; • the community needs a stable water supply, especially in conditions of increased load on the infrastructure. Consequences of inaction • increase in accidents and interruptions in water supply; • threat of flooding and destruction in the area of network passage; • deterioration of sanitary and hygienic conditions; • risks to public health. Positive changes after project implementation • minimization of accidents and pipe damage; • stable network operation; • increased reliability of water supply for the entire community. 2. Excessive water losses and low energy efficiency of the system The essence of the problem Outdated pipelines have high hydraulic resistance and leaks, which leads to: • significant water losses; • increased energy consumption to maintain pressure; • inefficient operation of pumping equipment. The documentation states: The network has high energy consumption, which requires reconstruction and replacement of pipelines with modern PE100. Reconstruction will reduce the specific electricity costs for water supply Current relevance of the problem • rapid growth in electricity tariffs; • limited financial resources of the utility; • constant increase in water losses due to aging networks. Consequences of inaction • further growth in water supply costs; • increase in tariffs for the population; • decrease in system efficiency and unprofitability of the enterprise. Positive changes after project implementation • reduction in water losses; • electricity savings; • reduction in operating costs; • increase in financial stability of the network operator. 3. Insufficient hydraulic and technical reliability of the network The essence of the problem The current system does not meet the standards for safe and high-quality operation, there is a lack of: • serviceable wells; • modern shut-off valves; • a sufficient number of fire hydrants; • protective cases at the intersections of other communications. In the documentation: It is necessary to restore destroyed wells, replace covers, eliminate subsidence and restore system equipment elements. The project includes the installation of new wells, valves, hydrants and protective cases - that is, infrastructure that is currently lacking for stable operation. Current relevance • non-compliance with the current State Building Code; • increased safety requirements for vulnerable infrastructure; • the need to ensure fire safety in the settlement. Consequences of inaction • inability to quickly localize accidents; • lack of guaranteed fire water supply; • increased risk of large-scale accidents. Positive changes after project implementation • compliance of the network with modern standards; • increased controllability and safety of the system; • the possibility of quickly shutting off water in case of accidents. 4. Social and environmental risks The essence of the problem Damage to the network and pipe bursts create: • risks of flooding of territories; • the risk of pollutants entering the system; • negative social and household consequences for residents. The documentation states: The facility in its current state may create a negative impact on the environment, in particular due to accidents and violations of the tightness of pipelines. Current relevance • increased requirements for sanitary safety; • risks of environmental pollution with water; • worsening of climatic conditions affecting soils and networks. Consequences of inaction • environmental incidents; • deterioration of water quality; • threat to public health. Positive changes after project implementation • elimination of pollution risks; • increased level of environmental safety; • stable and safe conditions for residents. GENERAL CONCLUSION The implementation of the project will allow solving a complex of critical problems that have accumulated over decades: • failure rate and physical wear of networks; • excessive energy and water consumption; • non-compliance of infrastructure with modern requirements; • risks to the population and the environment. If the project is not implemented, the infrastructure will continue to degrade, increasing the risks of accidents, water supply failures and financial losses. After the project is implemented, the community will receive a modern, energy-saving, reliable and safe water supply system that will comply with current state standards and ensure stable quality of services.