During the period of the large-scale invasion, the State Criminal Enforcement Service of Ukraine ensured the evacuation and transfer of prisoners from penitentiary institutions located in areas close to the areas where hostilities are taking place, transferring them to institutions located in safer areas, which created an additional burden on the system of bodies and institutions for the execution of punishments. Part of the institutions from which the prisoners were evacuated were completely or partially destroyed as a result of military operations and cannot continue to function. In connection with this, the problem of ensuring the physical safety of prisoners from external threats arose, as well as the creation and provision of proper conditions for keeping prisoners, the problem of keeping people taken into custody and certain categories of convicts, who must be kept in chamber-type premises. Detention conditions in many pretrial detention centers and penal institutions do not meet the basic needs of convicts and persons taken into custody, and are equated by the European Court of Human Rights with torture, which makes it difficult to achieve the tasks of correction and resocialization of convicts, reducing the number of repeated crimes and extraordinary events, leads to to the increase in the number of decisions of the European Court of Human Rights regarding the violation of the rights of convicts and persons taken into custody in Ukraine and, accordingly, the financial, reputational and image losses of the state. To solve these problems, there is an urgent need to create modern penitentiary institutions in safer regions with the application and implementation of physical security of prisoners from external threats and current standards regarding conditions of detention and standards of living space.